Learn Japanese – Is Your Japanese Too Much?
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Learn Japanese easily! In English, “too” is a popular word. You probably say things like, “This is too big” or “I’m too tired to go” all the time. When speaking Japanese, you’ll need to express the same concepts just as frequently as you talk about your feelings and make requests.
This Beginner Japanese article will help you master the Japanese word sugiru to express “too.” Whether you need to request a larger shirt or tell your friends you’re too tired to shop, this Japanese Beginner article provides all the tools you need. You’ll be surprised just how much your Japanese speaking skills will grow thanks to the simple phrase in this Japanese article.
Vocabulary: In this article, you’ll learn the following words and phrases:
kekkonshiki – “marriage ceremony, wedding”
yoo – “used for, used by”
doresu – “dress”
mochiron – “of course, certainly”
gozaimasu – formal form of the verb which means “to have” or “to be”
choodo – “just, right, exactly”
pari – “Paris”
shichaku – “trying on clothes”
taihen – “very, greatly” (adverb)
ereganto (na) – “elegant” (-na adjective)
joohin (na) – “elegant, refined, polished” (-na adjective)
wakai – “young” (-i ending adjective)
kimono – “kimono” niau – “to suit, to match” (class 1 verb)
danna – “husband”
Grammar: In this article, you’ll learn the following words and phrases:
Useful Vocabulary and Phrases
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kekkon-shiki-yoo
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kekkon “marriage”
shiki “ceremony”
yoo “used for”
When we attach yoo to a noun, it adds the meaning “used for” or “used by.” Review its usage in the following examples.
Examples:
kodomo-yoo no puuru “paddling pool”
kodomo-yoo no isu “childrens’ chair”
haikingu-yoo no kutsu “hiking shoes”
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haitte kuru
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It’s a compound word of hairu (“to enter”) and kuru (“to come”), and it means “to come in.”
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Motto ookii no wa arimasu ka.
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motto – “more” (adverb of degree)
ookii – “big”
no – “one” (dependent indefinite pronoun)
wa – topic-marking particle
arimasu – masu form of a verb
aru (“to exist,” “to have”)
ka – question-marking particle
We use no in place of a noun to avoid repeating the same noun.
Examples:
Motto chiisai no wa arimasu ka. “Do you have smaller one?”
Motto yasui no wa arimasu ka. “Do you have cheaper one?”
Motto karui no wa arimasu ka. “Do you have lighter one?”
Motto kirei na no wa arimasu ka. “Do you have cleaner one?”
Motto benri na no wa arimasu ka. “Do you have a more convenient one?”
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Target Phrase
Kono doresu wa watashi ni wa chiisa sugimasu.
“This dress is too small for me.“
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The focus of this article is the “[adjective stem] + sugiru” construction. Sugiru means “to pass” or “to go beyond the limit.” When we attach sugiru to an adjective stem, it works as a helping verb and means “too much.”
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Formation
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i-adjective
Drop the final -i (often referred to as an adjective stem)
Add sugiru
“English” / Adjective / Adjective Stem / Too…
“big” / ookii / ooki / ooki sugiru
“small” / chiisai / chiisa / chiisa sugiru
Exception!!!
“English” / Adjective / Too…
“good” / ii or yoi / yo sugiru
na-adjective
Drop the final -na (often referred to as an adjective stem or dictionary form )
Add sugiru
“English” / Adjective / Adjective Stem / Too…
“convenient” / benri (na) / benri / benri sugiru
“quiet” / shizuka (na) / shizuka / shizuka sugiru
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Politeness and Tenses
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Please note that sugiru conjugates as a class 2 verb.
Non-past
Formal: Kore wa chiisa sugimasu.
Informal: Kore wa chiisa sugiru.
Past
Formal: Kore wa chiisa sugimashita.
Informal: Kore wa chiisa sugita.
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Particle ni wa
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[noun] + ni wa + [adjective stem] sugiru = “be too [adjective] for [noun]”
For Example:
Kono uchi wa futari ni wa hirosugiru. “This house is too large for two people.”
Kono uchi wa watashi ni wa rippasugiru. “This house is too good for me.”
*rippa (na) = “splendid, elegant”
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Practice
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You’re shopping at a clothing store. What would you say in the following situations?
Use “___ sugimasu.” and ” ___ no wa arimasu ka.” sentence patterns.
For Example:
You want a bigger size…?
Kore wa chiisasugimasu. Motto ookii no wa arimasu ka.
You want a cheaper one… (takai means, “expensive.” yasui means, “cheap.”)
You want a cleaner one… (kitanai means, “dirty.” kirei(na) means, “clean.”)
You want a newer one… (furui means, “old.” atarashii means, “new.”
